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1. Basic Composition & PropertiesTable 1: Fundamental CharacteristicsParameterSpecificatio

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1. Basic Composition & Properties

Table 1: Fundamental Characteristics

ParameterSpecification Range
Chemical BasePolyol + Isocyanate
GörüntüClear to amber viscous liquid
Viscosity (25°C)500-50.000 cP
Cure MechanismMoisture/Heat curing
Pot Life5 min - 24 hrs
Bond Strength5-25 MPa
Elongation at Break100-1000%
Service Temperature-40°C to +120°C

2. Classification by Chemistry

Table 2: Major Polyurethane Adhesive Types

TypeCompositionFeaturesApplications
1-PartMoisture-cured prepolymerRoom temp cure, high flexibilityConstruction, automotive
2-PartSeparate polyol/isocyanateFast cure, high strengthMetal bonding, composites
Hot MeltThermoplastic PUInstant bond, repositionablePackaging, textiles
Water-basedPU dispersionLow VOC, easy cleanupFurniture, footwear

3. Performance Comparison

Table 3: PU vs Other Adhesive Types

PropertyPU AdhesiveEpoxySiliconeAcrylic
FlexibilityExcellentPoorExcellentGood
Impact ResistanceHighMediumLowMedium
Temperature RangeWideMediumVery WideNarrow
Moisture ResistanceGoodExcellentExcellentFair
Substrate VersatilityHighMediumHighMedium
Cure SpeedMediumFastSlowFast

4. Processing Parameters

Application Methods: Spray, roll, brush, bead

Cure Conditions: 20-80°C, 30-95% RH

Surface Prep: Solvent cleaning, abrasion

Clamping Time: 10 min - 24 hrs

Full Cure: 24 hrs - 7 days

5. Industrial Applications

Automotive: Windshield bonding, panel assembly

Construction: Insulation panels, flooring

Footwear: Sole attachment

Electronics: Component potting

Packaging: Flexible laminates

6. Advantages & Limitations

Advantages:

  • Excellent flexibility and toughness
  • Good chemical/environmental resistance
  • Bonds diverse materials (metal, plastic, wood)
  • Adjustable cure speed
  • Good gap-filling properties

Limitations:

  • Sensitive to moisture during storage
  • Requires surface preparation
  • Limited high-temp performance
  • May yellow with UV exposure

7. Safety & Handling

AspectRequirement
Storage Temp5-30°C (unopened)
Shelf Life6-12 months
VentilationRequired during application
PPEGloves, goggles, respirator
DisposalChemical waste protocols

8. Recent Developments

Bio-based polyols for sustainable formulations

Faster-curing systems for production lines

Improved UV-resistant grades

Low-VOC waterborne systems

Smart PU adhesives with self-healing properties

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